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Softmax + Temperature

Derivation Math

softmax(xi;τ)=exi/τ∑jexj/τ\text{softmax}(x_i; \tau) = \frac{e^{x_i / \tau}}{\sum_j e^{x_j / \tau}}

Why it matters: Sampling temperature in LLMs is this τ. Also appears in knowledge distillation (soft targets) and contrastive learning (InfoNCE).